racdif1
Details
Question On the average (Negroes/Blacks/African-Americans) have worse jobs, income, and housing than white people. Do you think these differences are . . . A. Mainly due to discrimination?
Values
[1]yes[2]no[NA(d)]don't know[NA(i)]iap[NA(j)]I don't have a job[NA(m)]dk, na, iap[NA(n)]no answer[NA(p)]not imputable[NA(r)]refused[NA(s)]skipped on web[NA(u)]uncodeable[NA(x)]not available in this release[NA(y)]not available in this year[NA(z)]see codebook
Question Years and Ballots
| ballots | years |
| A/B/- | 1988, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2021, 2022 |
| A/B/C | 1990 |
| Full | 1977, 1985, 1986 |
Overview
For further details see the GSS Data Explorer page for racdif1.
Counts by year:
| year | iap | yes | no | don't know | no answer | skipped on web | Total |
| 1977 | 176 | 528 | 759 | 60 | 7 | - | 1530 |
| 1985 | - | 660 | 804 | 66 | 4 | - | 1534 |
| 1986 | - | 638 | 784 | 42 | 6 | - | 1470 |
| 1988 | 493 | 416 | 519 | 46 | 7 | - | 1481 |
| 1989 | 531 | 398 | 545 | 56 | 7 | - | 1537 |
| 1990 | - | 534 | 757 | 74 | 7 | - | 1372 |
| 1991 | 493 | 407 | 568 | 45 | 4 | - | 1517 |
| 1993 | 526 | 444 | 580 | 53 | 3 | - | 1606 |
| 1994 | 1015 | 800 | 1067 | 101 | 9 | - | 2992 |
| 1996 | 944 | 735 | 1116 | 95 | 14 | - | 2904 |
| 1998 | 961 | 655 | 1090 | 119 | 7 | - | 2832 |
| 2000 | 940 | 685 | 1062 | 121 | 9 | - | 2817 |
| 2002 | 1857 | 304 | 575 | 28 | 1 | - | 2765 |
| 2004 | 1906 | 303 | 563 | 37 | 3 | - | 2812 |
| 2006 | 2518 | 687 | 1215 | 83 | 7 | - | 4510 |
| 2008 | 694 | 466 | 808 | 51 | 4 | - | 2023 |
| 2010 | 614 | 525 | 841 | 55 | 9 | - | 2044 |
| 2012 | 672 | 445 | 803 | 48 | 6 | - | 1974 |
| 2014 | 863 | 567 | 1049 | 52 | 7 | - | 2538 |
| 2016 | 979 | 793 | 1020 | 67 | 8 | - | 2867 |
| 2018 | 789 | 713 | 784 | 54 | 8 | - | 2348 |
| 2021 | 1315 | 1524 | 1157 | 12 | 1 | 23 | 4032 |
| 2022 | 2373 | 619 | 509 | 37 | 2 | 4 | 3544 |
| Total | 20659 | 13846 | 18975 | 1402 | 140 | 27 | 55049 |