othbest
General Social Survey https://gss.norc.org
Question 739d. Which of these languages other than English do you speak most fluently?
For further details see the official GSS documentation.
Counts by year:
| year | iap | arabic | armenian | cherokee | chinese | creole | dutch | farsi-persian | french | german | hebrew | hindu | hungarian | ibo | italian | pangasinan | patois | polish | portuguese | russian | serbian | sign language | slovak | spanish | tamil | tongan | vietnamese | Total |
| 1972 | 1613 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1613 |
| 1973 | 1504 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1504 |
| 1974 | 1484 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1484 |
| 1975 | 1490 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1490 |
| 1976 | 1499 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1499 |
| 1977 | 1530 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1530 |
| 1978 | 1532 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1532 |
| 1980 | 1468 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1468 |
| 1982 | 1860 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1860 |
| 1983 | 1599 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1599 |
| 1984 | 1473 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1473 |
| 1985 | 1534 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1534 |
| 1986 | 1470 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1470 |
| 1987 | 1819 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1819 |
| 1988 | 1481 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1481 |
| 1989 | 1537 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1537 |
| 1990 | 1372 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1372 |
| 1991 | 1517 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1517 |
| 1993 | 1606 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1606 |
| 1994 | 2992 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2992 |
| 1996 | 2904 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2904 |
| 1998 | 2832 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2832 |
| 2000 | 2728 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 28 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2817 |
| 2002 | 2765 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2765 |
| 2004 | 2812 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2812 |
| 2006 | 4510 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4510 |
| 2008 | 2023 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2023 |
| 2010 | 2044 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2044 |
| 2012 | 1974 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1974 |
| 2014 | 2538 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2538 |
| 2016 | 2867 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2867 |
| 2018 | 2348 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2348 |
| 2021 | 4032 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4032 |
| 2022 | 3544 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 3544 |
| Total | 72301 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 28 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 72390 |
1 english
2 spanish
3 polish
4 french
5 hebrew
6 russian
7 tagalog
8 chinese
9 urdu
10 italian
11 romanian
12 german
13 pashtu
14 chamorro
15 ukranian
16 hungarian
17 turkish
18 khmer
19 korean
20 navajo
21 malayam
22 arabic
23 farsi-persian
24 serbian
25 lithuanian
27 thai
28 gujarati
30 dari
31 slovak
32 japanese
33 portuguese
34 vajun
35 yidddish
36 creole
37 vietnamese
38 norwegian
39 malaysian
40 latin
41 czech
42 hindu
43 hakka
44 swedish
45 vesaya
46 sign language
47 tongan
48 armenian
49 ibo
50 dutch
51 cherokee
52 samoan
53 yoruba
54 greek
55 lakota
56 african
57 anishnabee
58 ilokand
59 assyrian
60 danish
61 laotian
62 finnish
63 mohawk
64 amharic
65 bangladesh
66 oriya
67 hawaiian
69 hmong
70 indonesian
71 swahili
72 telugu
73 kannada
74 bulgarian
75 guarani
76 bosnian
77 punjabi
78 latavain
79 basque
80 bicol
81 croatian
82 tigan gypsy
83 slovenian
84 belgian
85 mandingo
86 jamaca
87 somali
88 native amerian
89 tagringa
90 krio
91 indian
92 cebuano
93 macedonian
94 patois
95 pangasinan
96 ilocano
97 marathi
98 kashmiri/cashmiri
99 tamil
NA(d) don't know
NA(i) iap
NA(j) I don't have a job
NA(m) dk, na, iap
NA(n) no answer
NA(p) not imputable
NA(q) not imputable
NA(r) refused
NA(s) skipped on web
NA(u) uncodeable
NA(x) not available in this release
NA(y) not available in this year
NA(z) see codebook